Dilution Calculator (C₁V₁ = C₂V₂)
Find how much stock and how much water to use to make a solution of the concentration you need. For lab, medical and farm solutions.
Quick answer
10 to 1, 500 mL needed: stock 50 mL, water 450 mL.
How it is calculated
- Formula: C₁ × V₁ = C₂ × V₂ (the amount of substance stays the same).
- Stock V₁ = C₂ × V₂ ÷ C₁ = 1 × 500 ÷ 10 = 50 mL.
- Water = V₂ − V₁ = 450 mL.
Worked example
Stock concentration is 10 and you need 500 mL at 1. Take 50 mL of stock and add 450 mL of water.
| Stock concentration | 10 |
| Final concentration | 1 |
| Final volume | 500 mL |
| Stock to take | 50 mL |
| Water / solvent to add | 450 mL |
Formula
Stock to take = C2>C1 ? "—" : C2×V2/C1 Water / solvent to add = C2>C1 ? "Final must be weaker than stock / अंतिम घोल स्टॉक से पतला हो" : V2-C2×V2/C1
Good to know
- C₁ and C₂ must be in the same unit (%, M or mg/mL).
- The final concentration cannot be higher than the stock.
Questions people ask
What does C₁V₁ = C₂V₂ mean?
The total amount of substance is the same before and after dilution.
How do I make 1 L of 2% from 10%?
200 mL stock + 800 mL water.
Different units?
Convert both concentrations to the same unit first.
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Updated 13 Nov 2026 · Desktop N Calculator v1.2.0